Smart Wires 01004 Power Guardian System User Manual Power Guardian User Guide

Smart Wires, Inc. Power Guardian System Power Guardian User Guide

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©2018SmartWiresInc.POWERGUARDIAN™USERGUIDEGENERALPRODUCTOVERVIEWSmartWiresGuardiantechnologyincreasestransmissionlinereactancebyinjectingmagnetizingreactanceinserieswiththeline.ThefirstgenerationoftheGuardianTMproductlinewasthePowerLineGuardian®whichisaconductor‐mounteddevice.ThePowerGuardian390operatesusingthesameelectricalconfigurationasthePowerLineGuardianbutprovide20‐60timesmorereactanceforagivencurrentratingthanthePowerLineGuardian.ByleveragingthetechnologydevelopmentandlessonslearnedfromthePowerLineGuardian,SmartWiressolutionswiththePowerGuardian390cansignificantlyreduceunitrequirementstoachievethesameoverallreactance,andpushpowertounderutilizedcircuits.ThePowerGuardian390isinstalledonasingle‐phasebasis,meaningthatformosttransmissionanddistributiondeployments,therewillbeanequalnumberofunitsperphase.FIGURE1.POWERGUARDIANWITHMOUNTINGBRACKET(WITHOUTCORONARINGS)ELECTRICALOPERATIONOFASINGLEMODULEThePowerGuardian390deviceinjectsmagnetizingreactancetoincreasethelineimpedanceand“push”powerontoparallellines.ThePowerGuardian390deviceisconnectedinserieswiththepowercircuit,operatedatlinepotentialandhasnoconnectiontoground.Thistechnologyisparticularlyeffectiveinhighlymeshedelectricgridswheresparesystemcapacitycanbeutilizedtoresolveoverloadsituations.Figure2illustratesthebasicelectricalconfigurationofthePowerGuardian390.CurrentTransformersEachPowerGuardian390isequippedwithtwoCurrentTransformers(CTs).Thefirstcurrenttransformer(CT1),isusedtoharvestasmallamountofpowerfromthetransmissionlinetopowerthecontrolandcommunicationscircuitsinthedevices.ThereisanotherseparateCT(notshown)thatsensesthelinecurrentandfeedsintothecontrolcircuitry.
©2018SmartWiresInc.InjectionReactorTheReactorisusedtoinjectmagnetizingreactance(XM)inserieswiththeline.Thesizeofthereactorissimilaracrosstheproductratedcurrentrange,butthenumberofwindingsinthepathofthepowerlinevariesfromModeltoModel.FIGURE2.POWERGUARDIAN390SYSTEMDIAGRAMPOWERGUARDIANCONTROLThePowerGuardian390hastwodistinctmodesofoperation,withgranularperformanceateachdevicedescribedasbelow.1. InjectionMode‐thenormally‐opencontactorS1remainsopen,andmagnetizingreactance(XM)isinjectedontotheline.Themagnitudeofthismagnetizingreactanceisdefinedbythedevicerating.ThePowerGuardian390iscapableoftransmittingtelemetrydatainthismode.2. MonitoringMode‐noreactanceisinjectedasS1isclosedandthereactancecouplingtransformerisshorted.ThePowerGuardian390iscapableoftransmittingtelemetrydatainthismode.WhenthePowerGuardian390sensesalinecurrentwhichexceedsitsratedtolerance,itautomaticallyshortsthesecondarywithfast‐actingantiparallelsilicon‐controlledrectifier(SCR)switches(S2),enteringmonitoringmodewithin1millisecond.Wheneverthedeviceswitchesfromonemodetoanother,theantiparallelSCRswitches(S2)areengagedduringtheshorttimeofcontactorstatechange.Thispreventsarcingandprolongsthecontactorservicelife.SeethePowerGuardianProductSpecificationsheetformoredetailsonperformance.
©2018SmartWiresInc.CONTROLMETHODSTherearethreeControlmethodsforthePowerGuardian390,definedbytheirlevelsofautomationandcommunicationrequirements.AdeploymentofPowerGuardian390devicesonlyfunctionsinasinglemanneratanygiventime.1. Static–Thisisthesimplestcontrolmethod.ThedeploymentofPowerGuardian390devicescontinuouslydeliversthedesiredlevelofreactance(thesystemisstatic)anddoesnotrequirebackhaulcommunications.Thelevelofinjectedreactancecanbeadjustedbyusinglocalcommunicationsandistypicallyadjustedonaseasonalbasistoaccommodatevariousreliabilityneeds.2. Manual–Thismethodissimilartostaticcontrol,howeverbackhaulcommunicationsareenabled.Thisfunctionalityallowsformanualremote‐controlofthePowerGuardian390deploymentbythesystemoperator.OperatorscanchangetheOperatingMode(Injectionvs.Monitoring)ofindividualand/orgroupsofPowerGuardian390devices.Thisenablesreal‐timeflexibilityofpowerflowcontrol.3. Set‐point–Withthismethod,nomanualcontrolisrequired,butbackhaulcommunicationsarenecessary.ThedeploymentofPowerGuardian390devicesoperateautonomously,switchingfrommonitoringtoinjectionmode(andvice‐versa)basedonthereal‐timelinecurrentorconductortemperature.Theseset‐pointsareuser‐definedandconfigurable.Anynumberofset‐pointconfigurationscanbecreatedbyoperatorswithintheSmartWiressoftwareplatform.PRODUCTCOMPONENTSThemajorcomponentsofthePowerGuardian390areshownbelowinFigure3.FIGURE3.POWERGUARDIAN390COMPONENTSA–CommunicationsandControl–thissideoftheunitcontainsallthecommunicationandcontrolcircuitry.B–PowerGuardian390Reactor–thissideoftheunitcontainsthereactor.C–YokePlate–thisplateisthefixturepointforinsulatorssupportingtheunitfromabove.
©2018SmartWiresInc.D–NEMAPad–thisistheelectricalconnectionpointfortheunit,oneoneachside.E–CoolingFins–thesedrawheatfromtheinternalunitcomponentsanddissipatetheheatexternally.Regulatory Compliance User Notice:L’émetteur/récepteur exempt de licence contenu dans le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Innovation, Sciences et Développement économique Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes :1. L’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage;2. L’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d’encompromettre le fonctionnement.Étiquette de conformité à la NMB-003 d’Innovation, Sciences et Développement économique Canada : CAN ICES-3 (A)/NMB-3 (A)FCC:dŚŝƐĞƋƵŝƉŵĞŶƚŚĂƐďĞĞŶƚĞƐƚĞĚĂŶĚĨŽƵŶĚƚŽĐŽŵƉůLJǁŝƚŚƚŚĞůŝŵŝƚƐĨŽƌĂůĂƐƐ ĚŝŐŝƚĂůĚĞǀŝĐĞ͕ƉƵƌƐƵĂŶƚƚŽƉĂƌƚϭϱŽĨƚŚĞ&ZƵůĞƐ͘dŚĞƐĞůŝŵŝƚƐĂƌĞĚĞƐŝŐŶĞĚƚŽƉƌŽǀŝĚĞ ƌĞĂƐŽŶĂďůĞƉƌŽƚĞĐƚŝŽŶĂŐĂŝŶƐƚŚĂƌŵĨƵůŝŶƚĞƌĨĞƌĞŶĐĞǁŚĞŶƚŚĞĞƋƵŝƉŵĞŶƚŝƐŽƉĞƌĂƚĞĚŝŶĂ ĐŽŵŵĞƌĐŝĂůĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ͘dŚŝƐĞƋƵŝƉŵĞŶƚŐĞŶĞƌĂƚĞƐ͕ƵƐĞƐ͕ĂŶĚĐĂŶƌĂĚŝĂƚĞƌĂĚŝŽĨƌĞƋƵĞŶĐLJ ĞŶĞƌŐLJĂŶĚ͕ŝĨŶŽƚŝŶƐƚĂůůĞĚĂŶĚƵƐĞĚŝŶĂĐĐŽƌĚĂŶĐĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞŝŶƐƚƌƵĐƚŝŽŶŵĂŶƵĂů͕ŵĂLJĐĂƵƐĞ ŚĂƌŵĨƵůŝŶƚĞƌĨĞƌĞŶĐĞƚŽƌĂĚŝŽĐŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘KƉĞƌĂƚŝŽŶŽĨƚŚŝƐĞƋƵŝƉŵĞŶƚŝŶĂƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚŝĂů ĂƌĞĂŝƐůŝŬĞůLJƚŽĐĂƵƐĞŚĂƌŵĨƵůŝŶƚĞƌĨĞƌĞŶĐĞŝŶǁŚŝĐŚĐĂƐĞƚŚĞƵƐĞƌǁŝůůďĞƌĞƋƵŝƌĞĚƚŽĐŽƌƌĞĐƚ ƚŚĞŝŶƚĞƌĨĞƌĞŶĐĞĂƚŚŝƐŽǁŶĞdžƉĞŶƐĞ͘ IC: This device contains licence-exempt transmitter(s)/receiver(s) that comply with Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada’s licence-exempt RSS(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause interference.2. This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada ICES-003 Compliance Label: CAN ICES-3(A)/NMB-3(A)To comply with RF exposure limits established in the ANSI C95.1 standard, the distance between the antenna or antennas and the user should not be less than 20 cm for USA and CanadaThis product does not contain any user serviceable components. Any unauthorized product changes or modifications will invalidate warranty and all applicable regulatory certifications and approvals, including authority to operate this device. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Canada – Industry Canada (IC)This device complies with Industry Canada RSS-247 and license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. Ce dispositif est conforme à lanorme CNR-247 d'Industrie Canada applicable aux appareils radio exempts de licence. Son fonctionnement est sujet aux deux conditions suivantes: (1) le dispositif ne doit pas produire de brouillage préjudiciable, et (2) ce dispositif doit acceptertout brouillage reçu, y compris un brouillage susceptible de provoquer un fonctionnement indésirable.

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